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Greenwashing · 27 Sep 2026

"Eco-friendly" needs proof from 27 September 2026. Here's what small brands should actually do about it.

13 July 2026 · 7 min read · Jussi, founder
TL;DR
  • From 27 September 2026, the ECGT Directive (EU) 2024/825 bans vague environmental claims — "eco-friendly", "green", "sustainable", "natural" — across the EU unless you can back them with recognised evidence.
  • There is no SME exemption. A five-person label making a "sustainable" claim is judged by the same rule as a multinational.
  • Member States were meant to transpose the Directive into national law by 27 March 2026. EU transposition deadlines slip fairly routinely — but the 27 September 2026 EU-wide application date is fixed in the Directive text itself, and doesn't depend on any one country's paperwork being tidy by then.
  • The practical work is an audit, not a redesign: check every environmental word on your packaging, website and listings, and make sure each one points to something you can actually show a regulator.
  • A Digital Product Passport isn't required by ECGT, but structured materials, certification and end-of-life data on a public page is exactly the kind of evidence the Directive expects a claim to be backed by.

If your product copy uses the word “sustainable” anywhere — packaging, website, a hangtag — 27 September 2026 is worth a diary note. That’s when the EU’s new anti-greenwashing law, ECGT, starts applying across all 27 Member States. It doesn’t care how big you are.

This isn’t a scare piece. Most small brands making honest products don’t need a compliance department for this — they need an afternoon with their own website and packaging, a red pen, and a plan for the handful of claims that need backing up. Here is what the rule actually says, and a checklist for the next couple of months.

What ECGT actually is

ECGT — the Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition Directive, formally Directive (EU) 2024/825 — amends the EU Unfair Commercial Practices Directive. It entered into force on 26 March 2024, and after a national transposition period, it applies uniformly across the EU from 27 September 2026. From that date, generic environmental claims are treated as unfair commercial practices unless they can be substantiated with recognised, verifiable evidence.

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No SME exemption
Unlike the unsold-clothing destruction ban, which explicitly excludes micro and small enterprises, ECGT applies to every trader making environmental claims to EU consumers. A one-person Etsy shop and a listed retailer are judged by the same substantiation standard.

We cover the full timeline, the complete list of banned practices and the penalty regime in detail on our ECGT guide page — this post is the shorter, practical version aimed specifically at what a small brand should do before the date lands.

What's actually banned

The Directive doesn’t ban sustainability claims — it bans unbacked ones. In practice, the claims that get you into trouble share a pattern: a strong word, no specifics behind it.

  • Bare adjectives. “Eco”, “green”, “natural”, “sustainable”, “climate-neutral” used with nothing behind them.
  • Whole-product claims for partial facts. Calling a whole garment “sustainable” because the outer fabric is recycled, while the lining and trims aren’t.
  • Self-invented labels. A leaf icon or badge you designed yourself, presented as if it were third-party certified.
  • Future promises without a plan. “Carbon neutral by 2030” with no credible, checkable roadmap behind it.
  • Comparisons without a shared yardstick.“More sustainable than the leading brand” without a methodology both products could be measured against.

Notice what isn’t on that list: specific, checkable statements. “95% GOTS-certified organic cotton, certificate #12345” is not a vague claim — it’s a fact a regulator can verify in minutes. The whole Directive is really a nudge from adjectives towards specifics.

Don't be reassured by "transposition delay" headlines

Member States were supposed to have ECGT transposed into national law by 27 March 2026. EU transposition deadlines are missed fairly routinely across all kinds of directives, and it wouldn’t be unusual if a number of countries were still catching up here. If you see a headline suggesting ECGT itself is “delayed”, read it carefully: national transposition running late is a story about individual countries’ paperwork, not about the 27 September 2026 EU-wide application date moving. That date is fixed in the Directive text itself and doesn’t depend on any one country’s transposition being tidy by then.

The practical lesson for a small brand is the opposite of reassuring-sounding delay news: plan for 27 September regardless, and treat any claim that your own deadline has “slipped” with scepticism unless it comes from your own country’s official gazette.

What "evidence" needs to look like

ECGT doesn’t hand you a fixed checklist of acceptable proof — it requires claims to be backed by evidence that’s recognised and checkable. For a small brand, that translates into three practical moves:

Instead of…Say…
"Eco-friendly packaging""Packaging made from 80% post-consumer recycled cardboard, FSC-certified"
"Sustainable materials""Main fabric: 95% GOTS-certified organic cotton, 5% elastane"
"Carbon neutral"A named, dated methodology and third-party verification — or don't make the claim yet
A self-designed leaf badgeA named certification scheme (or none, rather than an invented one)

The pattern: name the certifier, the percentage, the standard. Vague confidence is the thing being outlawed, not sustainability itself.

A Digital Product Passport isn't required — but it's the natural home for this

ECGT doesn’t mention Digital Product Passports and doesn’t require one. But the two rules solve related problems: ECGT asks you to be able to prove a claim, and a passport is a structured, public, QR-linked place to keep that proof next to the product it describes. If a customer or a national consumer authority ever challenges a “made from recycled materials” line on your packaging, a passport page naming the exact material share and certificate number answers the question in one scan, instead of an email thread.

Our ECGT guide walks through exactly how each passport section maps to common green claims, if you want the fuller version.

Give your claims somewhere to point
A productpasses.com passport is a structured, public page for materials, certifications and end-of-life data — the same information ECGT expects a green claim to be backed by. Five passports free, forever, no card needed.
Start free — 5 passports, no card needed

Your next two months, in order

  • Audit your own copy first. Read your website, packaging and marketplace listings the way a regulator would. Circle every environmental adjective.
  • For each circled word, ask "can I prove this?" If yes, add the specific evidence next to the claim. If no, either get the evidence or drop the word — a specific, modest claim beats a vague, unprovable one.
  • Check your labels and badges. If any icon on your packaging implies third-party certification, confirm it actually is one. If it’s something you designed, either get it certified or relabel it plainly as your own internal standard.
  • Put the evidence somewhere findable. A structured product page — ours or otherwise — beats evidence scattered across old supplier emails when someone actually asks.
  • Don't panic about future-performance claims. If you’ve made a “net zero by [year]” promise without a credible plan behind it, this is the year to either build the plan or soften the claim — not to add more like it.

None of this requires a consultant or a rebrand. It requires reading your own marketing with fresh eyes before a regulator, or a competitor, does it for you.

Frequently asked questions

What is the ECGT Directive and when does it apply?
ECGT — the Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition Directive, Directive (EU) 2024/825 — amends the EU's Unfair Commercial Practices Directive to ban vague environmental claims unless they're backed by recognised evidence. It entered into force on 26 March 2024 and applies across all EU Member States from 27 September 2026.
Does ECGT apply to small businesses?
Yes. There is no small-business or SME exemption in the Directive. Any trader making environmental claims to EU consumers is in scope, regardless of size.
What environmental claims does ECGT ban?
Generic terms like "eco-friendly", "green", "natural", "sustainable" or "climate-neutral" without recognised, checkable evidence; claims about the whole product when only a part or stage qualifies; self-invented sustainability labels not based on a recognised certification scheme; future environmental-performance claims ("carbon-neutral by 2030") without a credible, verifiable plan; and comparisons to other products without a comparable methodology.
What counts as evidence for a green claim under ECGT?
The Directive doesn't hand small brands a fixed checklist — it requires claims to be backed by recognised, verifiable evidence a regulator or consumer body could check. In practice that means naming the actual certification (with certifying body and number), the specific material share, or the specific process, rather than an unqualified adjective.
Is ECGT the same as the EU Green Claims Directive?
No, and they're often confused. The Green Claims Directive (proposed COM(2023) 166) would have added pre-approval of green claims by a verifier; as of mid-2026 that proposal's status is unresolved after the Commission signalled an intent to withdraw it. ECGT is a different, already-adopted law that applies regardless of what happens to the Green Claims proposal — it's the one small brands need to plan around now.

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